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ĔĞ

‚—‚

49

:čĕčČ ĘĦđ ĐĠĕē .

ĦĕĘČĤĥĕĐ ĐĔĕĘČč ęĕėĤĞ ĕđĜĕĥ :ģĕĘđĤĥĚ ĐďĕĤĠ

.(2004) 'Ğ ,ĎđĚĘČ

.ěĦĕč-ĐĤđĚĒđ ĐĠĕē ĦĔĕĝĤčĕĜđČ

:Ĥģđč Đďĥ .

1999À1948 ĕĘČĤĥĕĐ ĘĎĤđďėĐ :ĐĤđēĝĘ ģēĥĚĚ

.(2002) 'Č ,ĦĤđĠ ěč

.ěđĕĤđĎ-ěč ĦĥĤđĚĘ ĒėĤĚĐ

.Ęčč :čĕčČ ĘĦ .

ĐđČĤĐ ĦĤčē

.(2001) 'Ď ,Ĥđčď

ĕČĜĠà Ęĥ ĐėĕĤĢĘ ĦđĕĢčĕĔđĚ :ĐėđĘĚ đČĢĚđ ĦđĜđĦČ ĥĠēĘ đėĘĐ

.(2008) 'Ĕ ,ĥđĕĐ

.ÂĐĕĠđĝđĘĕĠĘ ĤđĔģđďà ĤČđĦĐ ĦĘčģ ęĥĘ Ĥđčĕē

.

đĜĜĚĒ Ħč ĐĤčēč ěĦđĞĚĥĚđ ÂĕĜĕĢĤ

.ĐĕĎđĘđĠđĤĦĜČđ ĐĕĎđĘđĕĢđĝĘ ĎđēĐ ,ĐĤčēĐ ĕĞďĚĘ ĐĔĘđģĠĐ ,ĐĠĕē ĦĔĕĝĤčĕĜđČ

.ęĕĤĠĝ ĦđĞĕďĕ :čĕčČ ĘĦ .

ĕčĜĘČ

.(2009) ÄĎ ,čđČĔ

.

ĦĕĦđčĤĦ ĐėĕĤĢđ ĕđĘč ĕĝđĠď À ĘČĤĥĕč ĕČĜĠĐ ĦđčĤĦ

.(1973) ÄĚ ,ġĕčĤđĎđ ÄČ ,ġÂė

.ďčđĞ ęĞ :čĕčČ ĘĦ

ĦđčĤĦ

.(1992) Äď ,ĎĤčďĘđĎđ ,ÄĚ ,ğĕĥ ,Äē ,ĕĜđďČ ,Äĥ ,ġĕđ ,ÄĚ ,ġĕčĤđĎ ,ÄĐ ,ĒČĐ ,ÄČ ġÂė

ěđėĚ :ęĕĘĥđĤĕ .

1990À1970 ĦĕĦđčĤĦĐ ĦđĘĕĞĠĐ ĕĝđĠďč ĦđĤđĚĦ :ĘČĤĥĕč ĕČĜĠĐ

.ĕĥđĚĕĥ ĕĦĤčē ĤģēĚĘ ěĚĔđĎ

Bourdieu, P. (1984).

Distinction: A social critique of the judgment of

taste.

London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Cladwell, L. L., Baldwin, C. K.,Walts, T., &Smith, E. (2012). Preliminary

effects of a leisure education program to promote healthy use of free time

among middle school adolescents.

Journal of Leisure Research 36(3)

,

310–335.

Featherstone, M. (1991).

From consumer culture and pstmodernism.

London: Sage Publications.

Fourmet G. P., Estes, R. E., & Martin, G. L. (1990) Drug and alcohol

attitudes and usage among elementary and secondary students.

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of Alcohol and Drug Education 35(3)

, 81–92.

Ingelhart, R. & Welzel, C. (2005).

Modernization, cultural change, and

democracy: The human development sequence.

New York: Cambridge

University Press.

Katz-Gero, T. (2002). Highbrow cultural consumption and class

distinction in Italy, Israel, West Germany, Sweden, and the United States.

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, 207–229.